Article 49.3 was initiated by the executive on Thursday to pass the very controversial pension reform in the National Assembly. The vote on the probable motions of censure should take place on Monday, March 20. Here are the main winners and losers of this text on which the government has committed its responsibility.
1. The main losers
The pension reform should lead to many changes for individuals. It will result, in fact, in the lengthening of the working hours of a large part of the population.
All generations born from September 1961
Among the main elements of this pension reform is the extension from 62 to 64 of the legal starting age to retire. If this text is adopted, the starting age will be gradually raised, at the rate of three months per generation. The measure would apply to policyholders born from September 1961. According to the estimates of the High Council of Public Finances published at the end of January, it could cause 50,000 people to postpone their departure this year.
At the same time, to obtain a so-called full rate pension, ie without a discount, the contribution period required would currently increase from 42 years (168 quarters) to 43 years (172 quarters) by 2027, at the rate of one quarter per year.
| year of birth | Legal starting age | Before the reform | After the reform |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 62 years old | 167 quarters | 167 quarters 41 years, 9 months |
| January1961 August 1961 | 62 years old | 168 quarters | 168 quarters 42 years old |
| September 1961 december 1961 | 62 years and 3 months | 168 quarters 42 years old | 169 quarters 42 years, 3 months |
| 1962 | 62 years and 6 months | 168 quarters 42 years old | 169 quarters 42 years, 3 months |
| 1963 | 62 years and 9 months | 168 quarters 42 years old | 170 quarters 42 years, 6 months |
| 1964 | 63 years old | 169 quarters 42 years and 3 months | 171 quarters 42 years, 9 months |
| 1965 | 63 years and 3 months | 169 quarters 42 years and 3 months | 172 quarters |
| 1966 | 63 years and 6 months | 169 quarters 42 years and 3 months | 172 quarters 43 years |
| 1967 | 63 years and 9 months | 170 quarters 42 years and 6 months | 172 quarters 43 years |
| 1968 | 64 years old | 170 quarters 42 years and 6 months | 172 quarters 43 years |
| 1969 | 64 years old | 170 quarters 42 years and 6 months | 172 quarters 43 years |
| 1970 | 64 years old | 171 quarters 42 years and 9 months | 172 quarters 43 years |
| 1971 | 64 years old | 171 quarters 42 years and 9 months | 172 quarters 43 years |
| 1972 | 64 years old | 171 quarters 42 years and 9 months | 172 quarters 43 years |
| 1973 | 64 years old | 172 quarters 43 years | 172 quarters 43 years |
Source: Matignon
Thus, it is the 1965 and 1966 generations who are the big losers of this reform which accelerates the timetable provided for by the previous Touraine reform with an increase in the contribution period to 43 years by 2035. Result, in the event of final adoption , they will have to justify three additional quarters of work.
As you can see in the table above, this reform will lead all people born from September 1961 to work longer.
Screwed-in special schemes
Most of the existing special schemes, including those of the RATP, the electricity and gas industries and the Banque de France, would be terminated according to the grandfather clause. This has already been implemented by the SNCF. The end of the main special schemes would therefore only apply to new recruits.
However, a few special schemes will in any case continue to exist, such as that for employees of the Paris Opera, the Codie Francaise and even sailors.
2. The (small) winners
In fact, the age measure – up to 2 years more to contribute – concerns the vast majority of the current working population. But this reform still carries some compensatory measures.
Slightly improved small guesthouses
This is one of the rebound soap operas of this reform: the promise of a minimum pension of 1200 euros has been largely blown. In the end, the pensions of future retirees with proof of a full career, i.e. 43 years of term contributions, cannot be less than 85% of the minimum wage, i.e. approximately 1200 euros gross per month at the time of entry into service. force of the reform. Between 10,000 and 20,000 people will cross the threshold of 1,200 euros by this measure alone, estimates the Minister of Labor Olivier Dussopt.
Moreover, as part of this reform, the government promised the revaluation of 1.8 million small pensions. In practice, only 125,000 will have a gain of 100 euros per month, the others much less.
Minimum pension 1200euros: how many real beneficiaries and bonuses of 100euros?
Former recognized TUCs
More than a million people were employed as TUC (collective utility works) in the 1980s. With this reform, their quarters would henceforth be taken into account for their retirement. Indeed, their remuneration was often lower than the hourly minimum wage and did not allow them to validate quarters.
Compensation for certain mothers
The final text, on which the government engages its responsibility, provides, following the Senate’s examination, for a pension surcharge of up to 5% for certain women. This measure is aimed at women who, under the effect of quarters validated for maternity and child rearing, will exceed the 43 years required for a full pension, one year before the legal retirement age.
Concretely, the financial gain would be between 11.25 euros and 22.91 euros for an additional quarter for a pension of between 1,200 euros and 4,000 euros gross per month. For four more quarters, the financial boost would reach between 45 and 91.65 euros per month.
The idea behind this provision, valid for both civil servants and employees in the private sector, is tosoften the blow of the reform for women who will lose all or part of the benefit of the quarters acquired for maternity with the postponement of the legal age. This measure should cost nearly 250 million euros by 2030, explain The echoes.
It should also be noted that the number of trimesters for education allocated to the mother, in the sharing between parents, would be increased. In addition, like what exists for the general scheme, the 10% pension increase for children would be extended to liberal professionals and lawyers who have had three children.
A bonus for firefighters and athletes
After 10 years of commitment, volunteer firefighters would be awarded three quarters, note The echoes. A bonus which must be supplemented by an additional quarter every 5 years. The daily also indicates that the number of quarters that can be validated by high-level sports athletes will increase from 16 to 32.