Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) which is characterized by damage to the vagina or urethra. It is caused by the Trichomonas vaginalis, a protozoan that spreads in the vaginal cavity in women and in the urinary tract in men. This pathology is curable through treatment, but it is often associated with other STI such as gonorrhea and chlamydia infection.
What are the symptoms of this STI in women?
About 20% of women of childbearing age contract trichomoniasis. Vaginal and urinary damage can then occur in the patient. In a large majority of cases, the infection begins with vaginal discharge that is yellowish in color, foamy and gives off a strong and unpleasant odor.
The vaginal area may also be more irritated, inflamed and tender with the vaginal lips becoming swollen. In cases of vaginal trichomoniasis, sexual relations are often more painful. When the infection reaches the bladder, urination becomes more bothersome and a burning sensation may appear.
Trichomoniasis in men
Men can also be affected by trichomoniasis in the urethra, but they are often asymptomatic. However, they can infect their partners. In some cases, a foamy discharge appears from the penis with a frequent and urgent urge to urinate as well as painful urination.
How to detect trichomoniasis? The diagnosis
The diagnosis of trichomoniasis is based on the clinical examination of the patient. The doctor can be alerted to this STI when the woman has a vaginal infection and the man a urethral infection. To confirm the diagnosis, the healthcare professional may also culture a sample of discharge or urine.
According to the MSD Manual, a medical information portal, trichomoniasis is more difficult to detect in men. When the diagnosis is made, the doctor carries out several examinations to detect other sexually transmitted infections, particularly HIV.
How to treat trichomoniasis? Treatments
Antibiotics can treat trichomoniasis. In 95% of cases, women are cured after taking a single oral tablet. In men, treatment lasts a little longer. They are on antibiotics for five to seven days.
Patients must also avoid sexual relations until the end of treatment in order to limit the spread of the disease. Trichomonas vaginalis. It is recommended to prevent all sexual partners even if they are asymptomatic in order to stop the circulation of this protozoan.
How to prevent this sexually transmitted infection? Precautions and screening
During sexual intercourse, it is more than important to protect yourself in order to reduce the risks of unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. It is therefore advisable to use a condom each time you have sex. To reassure themselves, a couple can also go to a screening center to identify potential STIs and then have protected sex.
Sources: MSD Manuals, the World Health Organization
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