A lipid panel is a blood test that aims to measure the lipids in the blood. It evaluates the levels of HDL cholesterol, “good” cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, “bad” cholesterol, total cholesterol and triglycerides. Apart from a personal or family history of cardiovascular pathologies (but also diabetes, obesity, smoking etc.), the French Federation of Cardiology indicates that the normal values are as follows:
- Total cholesterol less than 2 g/l,
- LDL-cholesterol less than 1.6 g/l
- HDL-cholesterol greater than 0.6 g/l
- Triglycerides less than 1.5 g/l
Hypercholesterolemia is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It leads to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and also promotes the formation of clots in the arteries, therefore increasing the risk of cardiovascular events.
Indications for lipid profile
The lipid profile, or exploration of a lipid abnormality (EAL), is frequently prescribed, in both men and women, even in the absence of any pathology, precisely in order to ensure that there is no problem. particular. The French Federation of Cardiology recommends carrying out a lipid assessment every 5 years, for everyone. But particular vigilance is required for women over the age of 50, and for men over the age of 60.
It is very rare that a disturbed lipid profile causes visible and concrete symptoms. A blood test is therefore essential in certain situations. It is prescribed, for example, in people at high cardiovascular risk because they are diabetic, suffering from cardiovascular disease (angina pectoris, arteritis of the lower limbs, high blood pressure), presenting chronic renal failure, suffering from chronic autoimmune or inflammatory disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease or multiple sclerosis.
It may also be prescribed in people who are overweight or obese, and in those with a family history of cardiovascular disease.
Good to know. We also recommend a lipid profile, apart from any cardiovascular risk factors, in women who start taking hormonal contraception.
Lipid assessment: how is it carried out?
The lipid profile consists of a blood test taken on an empty stomach (the only drink allowed is water), in the laboratory or at home. You should not smoke or engage in strenuous physical activity before taking blood. It is also recommended to postpone taking medications when possible. Results are usually reported within 24 hours.
Sources:
High cholesterol and/or triglycerides: diagnosis and monitoring – Health insurance
Cholesterol – French Cardiology Federation
Main dyslipidemias: management strategies – Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS)
Read also :
⋙ EAL: what is a lipid abnormality and how to interpret a blood test?
⋙ Lipid assessment: what are the normal values after 50 years?
⋙ Arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis: what are the differences?