The government’s revision of the classification of French municipalities – “ABC zoning” – for more than two hundred of them, at the beginning of October, affected several specific housing aids. This is the case of the Pinel rental investment tax system, but not only.
The zero-rate loan (PTZ) is also affected. This assistance with home ownership, the terms of which must be reformed in 2024, is granted, subject to means conditions, in all municipalities for a purchase of new properties. For areas where the situation is less tense in terms of imbalance between housing supply and demand (zones B2 and C), the PTZ also works for old properties requiring work.
A measure which, coupled with the overall overhaul of the 2024 system, should allow 29 million tax households to be eligible for PTZ in new homes, compared to 23 million today, according to Bercy. The new zoning saves the municipalities concerned a letter or two, allowing more of their residents not to exceed the PTZ income ceiling.
But beware of the announcement effects, warns Franck Vignaud, director of the Real Estate Laboratory: “The change in zoning raises the income ceiling for access to the PTZ and therefore opens it up to new households. But in tense areas (A bis, A and B1), the prices of new real estate are so high that even with a PTZ, you may not have the means to buy. »
Joint real lease
In cities like Montpellier or La Rochelle, where the square meter excluding parking already exceeds 5,000 euros, according to the Federation of Real Estate Developers, it is not certain that the PTZ is enough to make low-income families solvent. The system currently allows, in these tense cities, to finance a maximum of only 40% of the operation – this will be 50% in 2024 in certain cases.
Not to mention that, in the former, the inhabitants of the 153 municipalities moved from relaxed zones C and B2 to tense zones A and B1 can no longer use the PTZ for these housing units.
Another device affected by the new zoning: the real joint lease (BRS). Reserved for new real estate, it allows you to buy housing by separating the land from the buildings, for a significantly discounted price, sometimes up to 35%. The buyer owns his or her main residence without purchasing the land, which remains the property of a joint land organization.
Again, eligible BRS candidates are subject to an income ceiling depending on the area. “For a household of four people in zone B1, the ceiling for purchasing housing in BRS was 46,000 euros. If he earned more, he couldn’t enjoy it. Now that they are in zone A, the ceiling is 64,000 euros”illustrates Mr. Vignaud. BRS and zero-rate loan can be combined.
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