Was the war between Israel and Hamas in Gaza inevitable? In 2020, US President Donald Trump proudly announced a peace agreement between Israel, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates. These so-called “Abraham” agreements are a turning point for the diplomacy of Arab countries vis-à-vis Israel and a political victory for the Israeli Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu. For defenders of the Palestinian cause, it is a betrayal.
During the summer of 2023, discussions even suggested an unprecedented rapprochement with an old enemy of Israel: Saudi Arabia. But the October 7 attack led by Hamas undermined this perspective. Arab public opinion is largely favorable to the Palestinian cause, and the governments of normalized countries find themselves in a balancing act. More than ever, the stability of the region seems conditioned by a single question: the resolution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
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In this episode of the “Mappemonde” series, devoted to major geopolitical questions, The world draws on archives, figures and detailed mapping to tell the complex story of relations between Israel and the countries of the Middle East, from 1948 to the present.
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