What is a nickel allergy?
Nickel allergy is a so-called contact allergy and is one of the most common allergies in Germany. Contact with nickel causes itching and redness among others – a few micrograms are enough. The nickel allergy itself is not curable, the symptoms can be treated with ointments (e.g. with cortisone). Those affected should avoid objects containing nickel.
Nickel allergies: how does an allergic reaction develop?
When in contact with nickel-containing or nickel-releasing objects, it usually only takes a few hours for our slightly acid sweat to release so-called nickel ions, which then penetrate the skin barrier. This in turn activates the immune system. Before the actual nickel allergy, there is often a so-called sensitization, where the immune cells begin to classify nickel as harmful.
What is nickel?
Nickel is a metal. It is vital for the body as a trace element, and it can also be found, for example, as a chemical element in various alloys. There are many containing nickel Products such as jewelry, batteries, coins or buttons. But even under food there are some foods that are not exactly low in nickel.
What are the symptoms of a nickel allergy?
On the affected skin areas various allergy symptoms occur. These include:
- itching
- Blisters and nodules ("papules")
- redness
- wetness
Sometimes the itching can be severe and annoying – you shouldn't scratch yourself anyway. This not only delays the healing process, but can also promote inflammation. Frequent contact with nickel can lead to permanent skin changes. In this case, one speaks of a chronic allergic contact eczema.
Treatment of nickel allergies: that's what the dermatologist says
A nickel allergy persists throughout life – unlike hay fever, for example, it cannot be contained by hyposensitization. The Symptoms can be easily managed by treating the affected skin areas with cortisone-containing ointments or creams (similar to a detergent allergy). In addition, people with nickel allergies should avoid using nickel-containing objects as much as possible. The nickel content is noted on many labels.