Turkish MPs opened the doors of NATO to Sweden on Tuesday and should definitively validate its entry without delay, after approval of the Accession Protocol in exchange for a possible American commitment on the F-16 planes. The Foreign Affairs Committee of the parliament in Ankara approved the text after 19 months of suspense and transmitted it to the Plenary Assembly for final adoption, a formality which should follow in the coming hours or days, but at some point which has not yet been specified.
An application submitted at the same time as Finland
Turkey was the last member of the Atlantic Alliance with Hungary to block Sweden’s path, multiplying demands and pretexts to justify its reluctance. A decision immediately welcomed by Swedish Foreign Minister Tobias Billström: “We are delighted to become a member of NATO,” he declared to the public television site SVT Nyheter. Sweden had submitted its application at the same time as Finland, admitted in April, after the start of the Russian war in Ukraine.
“We are seeing a change in Sweden’s policy, some decisions adopted by the courts,” Fuat Oktay, AKP deputy (the ruling party), chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Turkish Parliament, remarked on Monday on the private channel NTV . “We still had some requests for additional progress” in the fight against terrorism, he added without further details.
A first examination had failed
President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has objected since the start of the process to Stockholm’s supposed leniency towards certain Kurdish groups, which he considers terrorists. Above all, it seems that after a long silence from Washington, a telephone interview in mid-December with American President Joe Biden finally overcame Erdogan’s reluctance.
Announced as a simple formality in November, including by Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan, who spoke of “a few weeks”, the examination of the accession protocol collapsed after a single meeting. At the beginning of December, Erdogan then added as a condition to Ankara’s ratification the “simultaneous” ratification by the American Congress of the sale of F-16 fighter planes to Turkey. “All this is linked,” he warned.
Two processes “which will advance in parallel”
Turkey had already played this card to try to obtain an American green light for the sale of F-16s, which it needs to modernize its air force. The American government is not hostile to this sale, but Congress has blocked it until now for political reasons, including tensions with Greece, also a member of NATO, with which Ankara has recently moved closer.
“It now seems obvious that the two processes will move forward in parallel,” the director of the German Marshall Fund in Ankara, Ozgur Unluhisarcikli, told AFP. But, “although the questions are not related, the declarations of Turkey, and its president, supporting Hamas have further complicated the process of selling the F-16s,” notes the expert. According to him, “there is no real consensus within Parliament, nor in the American Congress.” “But if Biden and Erdogan demonstrate the required will, we can hope for a near outcome.”